![]() The growing costs – social, economic, health and environmental – are a source of stress and conflict. It also creates a paradox: although Mexico City has more rainy days than London, it suffers shortages more in keeping with a desert, making the price of each litre among the highest in the world – despite its often dire quality. Discharging a resource that falls freely from the heavens and replacing it with exactly the same H 2O from far away is expensive, inefficient, energy intensive and ultimately inadequate for the population’s needs. Yet, from the point of view of sustainability and social equality, it is also among the more absurd failures. If mastery over water is a marker of civilisation, then Mexico City is surely one of mankind’s most spectacular achievements. Getting the required billions of litres up to this megalopolis – 2,400m above sea level – is one of the world’s great feats of hydro-engineering. In the 16th century, Spanish conquistadores rapidly accelerated the process, and modern engineers have almost finished the task, replacing the lacustrine marshes with a grey sea of concrete, tarmac and steel that, in the central city alone, is now home to almost nine million residents.Īs a result, supplies for drinking, washing, cooking and cleaning must be pumped up from hundreds of metres underground, or from a distance of more than 100km. The vast lakes that once filled the plain were, however, steadily drained by settlers. This geological, historical fact is a reason why the Aztecs built a city of floating gardens here 700 years ago that became known as “the Venice of the New World”. The floods are a reminder of the natural order of things: water belongs here. Gently at first with a mid-afternoon patter on windows and windscreens, then more urgently with an evening downpour that turns splashes into puddles, until finally – with a nighttime climax of thunder and lightning rolling down from the distant volcanos – the deluge gushes through gutters and gullies, transforming trickles in runnels into torrents in tunnels. W hen a tormenta sweeps in to Mexico City, the rain does not just fall, it insists.
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KompoZer is a wysiwyg HTML editor using the Mozilla Composer codebase. KompoZer Portable 0.77 is the unofficial bug-fix release of the Nvu web editor which fixes bugs in its version 1.0 release. KompoZer Portable ist ein kostenloser Webeditor fr Einsteiger und Profis, mit dem Sie HTML- und XHTML-Webseiten erste KompoZer Portable. A wysiwyg HTML editor that uses the Mozilla Composer codebase. The latest stable traditional version supports Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux / GNU. This latest portable version supports Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows 8 including Linux / UNIX via Wine. These are the latest versions which were released around March of 2010. To download, visit KompoZer Portable or just download the traditional version from KompoZer Easy Web Authoring. If you still want to use the portable version of KompoZer, it would be better to just upgrade to the latest portable version, KompoZer Portable 0.8 beta 3. KompoZer Portable ist ein kostenloser Webeditor für Einsteiger und Profis, mit dem Sie HTML- und XHTML-Webseiten erstellen und b. KompoZer 0.7 doesn’t work with the latest version of Linux / GNU distros. So, if this is the same version you are still using right now with your Linux Ubuntu then this is probably a kind of compatibility issue. Free Download for Windows Softonic review Take your Nvu Web editor anywhere KompoZer is a complete web authoring system that combines web file management and easy-to-use WYSIWYG web page editing capabilities found in Microsoft FrontPage, Adobe DreamWeaver and other high end programs. KompoZer 0.77 is a portable version released in the early quarter of 2007. ![]() KompoZer is a complete web authoring system. KompoZer is a wysiwyg HTML editor using the Mozilla Composer. KompoZer Portable web page editor Download from Version 0.8 Beta 3 for Windows, English 7MB download / 24MB installed Notes Antivirus Scan Details KompoZer Portable can run from a cloud folder, external drive, or local folder without installing into Windows. Take your Nvu Web editor anywhere Download Alternatives to KompoZer Portable. KompoZer is an unofficial bug-fix release for Nvu (discontinued).I think you are still using a very old application. A wysiwyg HTML editor that uses the Mozilla Composer codebase. Cross-platform text editor with its own editing components. Richly featured text editor for any type of code. sig file) and place it next to the source tarball, and check it with key B78DFBA1: gpg -recv-keys -keyserver 0xB78DFBA1 gpg -verify bluefish-2.2.13. Currently packaged with Portable Apps, KompoZers exposure seems to be growing. Free & fast downloader (more info) Always available Tested virus-free You might also be interested in. 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KompoZer Portable is an easy-to use web editor packaged with a launcher as a portable app. ![]() Development Tools downloads - KompoZer by Thorsten Fritz and many more programs are available. ![]() Top 6 KompoZer Portable Alternatives UltraEdit-32 18.10.0. Download kompozer for windows 10 for free. This program offers you new functions that become better than other programs, for example an integrated support of CSS and the best management for FTP protocol, for updating all your files. Enjoy the convenience of a portable composition software for a variety of musical purposes. This program offers you a complete editor of web pages multiplatform, which has been based on Mozilla Composer. Nvu Portable is an ideal program if you are a developper who is looking for a program with which you can edit your codes and, moreover, it is portable, for editing wherever you want. ![]() The output will span a couple of screens in a prompt window, but luckily we can scroll up or down and also copy the content out from the shell to evaluate in a text editor if you so desired. We can also use the ec2 describe instances command to list out any active instances that are in this region under our account: There is an autocomplete function on everything, and you can even scroll up and down when the autocomplete suggestions come up:įor example, we can list the regions by using the ec2 describe regions command that outputs a JSON response of the available regions: We are all set with our configuration, and you can start typing away on the AWS shell commands. That can be changed again at any time by re-running the configure command: Just like with the web client, you have to choose a default region to explore. The three pieces of information you need to configure the AWS shell are your Access Key, your Secret Access Key, and the Region name you are working within. When we start to type the configure command which you will see does an autocomplete: Now, we need to run our AWS shell which will do some basic configuration at the first launch:Īfter the console comes up (it takes about 30 seconds to build the autocomplete cache), we have to configure it to use our AWS credentials. We do this by running vagrant ssh awssandbox:Įt voila! You are now ready to start up the AWS shell. Once the machine completes the installation, you are ready to log in to the console and give it a try. Sudo apt-get install -y python-pip sudo pip install aws-shell ![]() The only reason I like this approach is that I have a super simple deployment of a purpose-built machine to test out AWS CLI work. The basic build of a sandbox machine was documented in my previous post, and the secret sauce for this is really quite easy. ![]() What’s in the GitHub Repo to make AWS CLI work? Once the process is completed, you will see this message: We can see that it says not created for the machine, so let’s run vagrant up and get this party started! ![]() Next, we change into the directory and we run a vagrant status to confirm that the configuration is ready to run: This is how to deploy and configure the AWS Shell environment using a sandbox server in just a couple of simple steps! Clone the GitHub Repoįrom your command line, you can just run a git clone to get ready with all the Vagrant code: I’m assuming that you’ve already got the following installed as documented in that post: In my earlier post, you saw how to configure a basic sandbox environment. While development entirely using your local machine is handy, there can often be configuration issues, and also conflicts with other development libraries. The below example shows how to specify SSD discs (gp2) for an 8GB volume that will be deleted when the machine terminates: aws.Because we like the Martha Stewart pre-baked oven version of things, this is the shortcut to running the AWS CLI without having to dirty up your own local environment. You can specify the volume type in your VagrantFile using the block_device_mapping parameter in conjunction with VolumeType. General Purpose SSD is now the AWS default volume type (though when I was provisioning via Vagrant, it was creating Magnetic volumes if no specific parameters were set in the VagrantFile). When provisioning a machine in AWS, you are able to specify whether to use Magnetic, General Purpose SSD or Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes, depending on where you want to be on the performance/cost curve. The Vagrant AWS Provider allows you to use Vagrant to provision virtual machines in AWS. ![]() ![]() The schedules might change from week to week as the companies submit their schedule every Friday to the Ministry of Mercantile Marine. However, if you choose to get your tickets delivered by mail, you will pay an additional fee. The prices are the same, regardless of where you purchase them from. If you plan to travel during the weekends in July & August it is advisable to book the ticket several days in advance. You can also buy tickets from travel agents but the best choice is to buy directly from the port. Till 3-Jun on the 9-Sep from 16-Sep to 28-Octįrom 2-Apr to 4-Jun from 17-Sep to 29-Octįrom 3-Apr to 17-Apr from 1-May to 29-May from 18-Sepē0-Octįrom 31-Mar to 21-Apr from 26-Apr to 5-Jun from 13-Sep to 30-Oct Till 1-Jun from 8-Jun to 7-Sep from 14-Sep to 26-Oct ![]() Till 30-May on the 12-Sep from 19-Sep to 31-Oct There are the following connections between Paros and Athens during the 2022 high season: Day of the weekĭuring the low season 2022, the following ferries are available between Paros and Athens (Piraeus): Day of the week How about the ferries from Paros to Athens ? The following ferries are available between Athens and Paros during the 2022 high season (June to August): Day of the weekĪre there any overnight journeys between Athens and Paros ? How many ferries per day depart from Athens to Paros during the high season? Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday, Sundayįrom 2-Apr to 16-Apr from 30-Apr to 28-May from 17-Sep to 29-Oct How many ferries per day depart from Athens to Paros during the low season?ĭuring the low season 2022 (April- May, September -October), there are the following ferries connecting Athens (Piraeus) to Paros: Day of the weekįrom 26-Apr to 5-Jun from 13-Sep to30-Octįrom 1-Apr to 3-Jun from 14-Sep to 28-Octįrom 2-Apr to 4-Jun from 12-Sep to 31-Oct On a regular ferry, operated by Blue Star Ferries, the ferry ticket starts at €42.50 per person, one way. The ticket depends on the company, type of seat and type of ferry. How much does it cost to get from Athens to Paros by ferry? During the low season, there’s a high speed ferry as well but doesn’t run daily. Yes, there are several high speed ferries during the high season (start operating in mid-June). Is there a high speed ferry between Athens and Paros? The journey between Athens (Piraeus) and Paros takes between 3 h and 5 h, depending on the type of ferry you are taking. >more information on Getting from Athens to Piraeus How long does it take to get from Athens to Paros? Īll ferries to Paros (the Eastern Cyclades ) depart from Port Gate Ε7. Make sure to allow enough time to get from the city center to the port and to find the gate (which is written on your ticket). The Port of Piraeus (or Pireas*) is large and can be rather overwhelming for the first time visitor. With the fastest ferry from Athens taking only 3 hours to get to Paros, the island can be a great weekend getaway when visiting he chaotic Greek capital.Īlthough this article focuses only on the ferries from Piraeus to Paros, there are also ferries departing from Rafina (and the journey is 30 min longer on the high speed ferry). It has the advantage of being located close to Naxos, Ios, Sifnos and Syros so if you plan to check out the area, Paros can be a very good start point. The second largest island of the Cyclades, Paros is particularly known for its beaches. ![]() The Paros to Athens ferry schedule is available at the bottom of the article. We have grown steadily through the past 15 years, with several redesigns and improvements, as we will soon ship our 3,000 th kit! I am a retired design engineer (BSME Cornell ’74) and lifetime skier. EdgeTune, Inc was founded by myself in 2003 specializing in manufacturing ski/snowboard edge sharpening (“tuning”) kits. Welcome, David! Could you please tell us a bit about yourself and your company? Custom individual and wholesale orders are available. So, if you want to enjoy your rides and have an easy edge fix, always have your gummy stone in your pocket!įor inquiries about the shape, dimension and grit textures of CRATEX Brightboy stones, please fill out the form below or call customer support at 80. Others, who spend more time on slopes and tracks will slightly dull the area around the tip and tail (about 3-4 inches from each end). Skiers and boarders who like jumping on rails will need to de-tune the whole length of the side edge. Extra sharp edges need to be de-tuned and just slightly dulled, or your board or ski will catch an edge and you'll find yourself face down in the snow.ĭepending on your technique and riding style, you'll need to de-tune different parts of the ski/board. A long-anticipated day on a mountain can turn into a devastating one, especially if you like to hit the rails and boxes at the ski park. You'll need sharp edges to have a good grip on the snow, but sometimes you can get in trouble if ski edges are extra sharp. Clean off the base and the edges with a towel.Use medium grit stone, and again, apply light pressure from the tip to the tail to make those edges shine like new. Fine polish and smooth with CRATEX Brightboy stone. ![]() Go slowly and carefully, applying light pressure on the metal edge to avoid scratching the base. Use a fine diamond stone to remove small burrs and nicks.Use a piece of cloth or a towel, and run it down the edge to feel small nicks. Get the brake up and out of the way by using thick rubber bands or brake holders. Put your skies or a board on a stable surface. Start by inspecting your edges for rust and burrs.Some basic edge maintenance can be done at home, though. Don’t prepare your skies for the new season with your best mate by using files, since there is a good chance that you will only ruin the edge material. How to Maintain Ski/Board Edges?įor quality edge sharpening always look for a professional ski service or ski sharpening tool like this one. Ski tuning kits usually include both stones. On the other hand, a gummy stone is less aggressive than a diamond stone, and is therefore great for polishing and removing micro-burrs and light rust. Submit Brightboy Request Here Gummi Stone vs Diamond Stoneĭiamond stones are less aggressive than files, and are great for deburring the base edge. Apply light pressure and work from tip to tail to achieve sharp, but smooth and polished edge. Place the polishing stone at about 45-degree angle to the edge, and gently run up and down the edge. For final polishing and edge smoothing to achieve a smooth glide.ĬRATEX Brightboy block can be used to polish both side and base edges.To clean and remove light rust and corrosion from the edges and maintain smooth control. ![]()
![]() Regardless of whether he wanted to drum, Eric wasn't ready. Sadly, this song would be the final recording featuring the input of Eric Carr. While Gene was immediately taken by the chorus, as being what summed everything up so well, one, in particular, of the original verses would not have worked well within a KISS context: "Love your friend and love your neighbor / Love your life and love your labor / No, it's never too late to change your mind / Don't step on snails, don't climb in trees / Love Cliff Richard but please don't tease / It's never too late to change your mind." While that chorus may have "said it all" it would also be changed from "God gave rock 'n roll to you, gave rock 'n roll to you / Put it in the soul of everyone / God gave rock 'n roll to you, gave rock 'n roll to you / Save rock 'n roll for everyone" to "God gave rock and roll to you, gave rock and roll to you / Gave rock and roll to everyone (oh yeah) / God gave rock and roll to you, gave rock and roll to you / Put it in the soul of everyone." The second part of the second verse would be changed from "And if you're young and you'll never be old / Music can make your dreams unfold / How good it feels to be alive" to "You can take a stand, or you can compromise / You can work real hard or just fantasize / But you don't start livin' till you realize (I gotta tell ya)." I like that, that's the philosophy I subscribe to - that everyone is equally important" (Kerrang #377). ![]() They don't get any more special treatment than the lowliest bum that walks the face of the earth. Nobody has a private ear to God, not popes, not kings, not queens. Gene also liked the subject matter of the completed song commenting, "You know, finally a song with guitars that says something good. It was the chorus that really said it all to us" (Kerrang #377). I guess the hash was very strong in the days when this was written. Gene recalled, "The original lyrics went something like, 'don't climb any trees / And don't tease the creatures,' lines like that. ![]() Lyrically the song required work to get it away from the original "bambi" nature. There seems to be little difference musically apart from the added harmonizing and very slight rearrangement. Paul, Gene, and Bob Ezrin rewrote the original Argent version which had appeared on their 1973 album "In Deep." That original version had been written solely by Russ Ballard and had been a top-20 hit for the band, even though the song's subject matter was a result of Russ' battle with depression. More importantly, once it was clear a new relationship with Bob would work, with memories of "The Elder" still being an issue, Gene lobbied to have Bob continue producing the band as they started to record a new studio album. Once the time frame for Bob's involvement was resolved the recording took five days. The song was selected for KISS by one of the owners of Interscope Records who wanted to have KISS on the movie's soundtrack, along with Bob Ezrin producing the track. Eric Singer drummed on the recording, at the behest of Paul with whom he'd toured in 1989, though some other drummers were tried out and Eric Carr was given the opportunity to perform though he simply was in no condition to do so. Eric didn't drum, but performed, "That really sweet sensitive Beatle-type vocal answering Paul in the acoustic part" (KISS Crazy #11). Recorded by KISS for the "Bill And Ted's Bogus Journey" soundtrack, this recording was the last to feature Eric Carr. Russ Ballard, Gene Simmons, Paul Stanley, Bob Ezrin ![]() All of this makes sense, as Rockstar has been bringing changes to its approach to the development process. Other reasons include the employee's well-being and Rockstar not wanting to set a release date unless they are 100% sure they can meet the deadline. Rockstar obviously wants to release GTA 6 when there is a big enough market for the PS5 & Xbox Series X/S platforms. His predictions about the GTA 6 release date are set somewhere around 2024 or 2025, one of the main reasons being that there are a lot of shortages with the new generation of consoles. While he does state several times that he isn’t known for GTA6 leaks specifically and that we should take everything he says with a grain of salt, his sources have always proved to be more than credible so far. So, before we dive into some more questionable claims about the game, we’re going to take a look at one of the most trusted sources out there at the moment. Tom Henderson, a tipster known for a good track record with Battlefield and Warzone leaks, had to say something about what year GTA 6 is coming out in a recent GTA 6 video. While rumors were suggesting that GTA 6 would be released as soon as 2022-2023, newer information suggests that it will not be coming out until 2024-2025, and for a few good reasons. Here’s the latest information we’ve compiled for all of you wondering: When Will GTA 6 Release? When it comes to the GTA 6 release date, Rockstar Games have not confirmed anything so far, and it seems the game is not expected to release soon. Yes, we are impatient just like you, and we’re all wondering “when does GTA 6 come out” and when is the GTA 6 release date?
Instead, one would acquire the lock only for the purpose of accessing the shared resource. For example, one would normally not write code that acquires a lock, then loads half a megabyte of zip-compressed data from the network, decodes and parses the data, and finally modifies a shared reference (append data to a container, etc.) before releasing the lock. The one important difference is how the different approaches behave in presence of congestion.Ī well-designed system normally has low or no congestion (this means not all threads try to acquire the lock at the exact same time). It is a common misconception that spinlocks or lock-free algorithms are "generally faster", or that they are only useful for "very short tasks" (ideally, no synchronization object should be held for longer than absolutely necessary, ever). How they behave in presence of congestion This may of course mean that a few milliseconds pass before your thread is scheduled again, but if this is no problem (usually it isn't) then it can be a very efficient, CPU-conservative approach.ģ. If a semaphore cannot be acquired, it blocks, giving up CPU time to a different thread that is ready to run. Also, for realtime applications it may not be acceptable to block and wait for the scheduler to come back to them at some far away time in the future.Ī semaphore, by contrast, either does not spin at all, or only spins for a very short time (as an optimization to avoid the syscall overhead). The main incentive for such an approach is the fact that a context switch has an overhead equivalent to spinning a few hundred (or maybe thousand) times, so if a lock can be acquired by burning a few cycles spinning, this may overall very well be more efficient. This means that acquiring a spinlock is a "busy" operation that possibly burns CPU cycles for a long time (maybe forever!) while it effectively achieves "nothing". It works by repeatedly querying and/or modifying a memory location, usually in an atomic manner. Insofar, one can consider a lock a special case of a semaphore with a maximum value of 1.Īs stated above, a spinlock is a lock, and therefore a mutual exclusion (strictly 1 to 1) mechanism. Usually, this means code that modifies some data shared by several threads.Ī semaphore has a counter and will allow itself being acquired by one or several threads, depending on what value you post to it, and (in some implementations) depending on what its maximum allowable value is. Usually, but not necessarily, spinlocks are only valid within one process whereas semaphores can be used to synchronize between different processes, too.Ī lock works for mutual exclusion, that is one thread at a time can acquire the lock and proceed with a "critical section" of code. A semaphore is a generalization of a lock (or, the other way around, a lock is a special case of a semaphore). While(.) ndition_i.wait( monitor.Spinlock and semaphore differ mainly in four things:Ī spinlock is one possible implementation of a lock, namely one that is implemented by busy waiting ("spinning"). This is assuming you want to have the critical section outside of the monitor, otherwise there is no need in doing this: // monitor enter You can use a Monitors condition variables and lock outside of it ( monitor.lock, ndition_i), basically doing the normal things we do within a procedure but on the outside, not within it's function. Along with that locks are also used within the procedure. Even though there are some minor differences, such as for signal with no process in need of being unblocked there is no affect on the condition variable. ![]() They can be used to implement the same functionality of a Semaphore. In which wait and signal are used on a Monitors condition variables. The V and P of a Semaphore is very much like the wait and signal of a Monitor. In that case a Monitor has a counter variable in the same way a Semaphore does. You can use a Semaphore to implement a Monitor. In this case a Monitor is at a higher level then a Semaphore. Although Monitors go towards a Object Ordinate Approach to this, making the code easier to read for example. Monitors and Semaphores are to accomplish the same task, to ensure that between n processes/threads that each enter their critical section atomically. ![]() ![]() Parties can explore the dungeons of each adventure zone, fighting strong enemies and even stronger bosses. The most powerful forces in Faerun are hidden deep within its dungeons. The Call to Arms event allows players of all levels to fight together for even greater rewards. Each trial is unique to the adventure zone in which it takes place, and can only be accessed by players in a certain level-range. Parties of 5 players can join together to fight special challenges as they explore the world. Identification Scrolls, reagents, and a dungeon chest keys can all be purchased from this menu The Foundry menu is unlocked at level 4.Īstral Diamonds can be spent to acquire a wide variety of items. If you are in a party, you can also view and edit your party settings from this menu. You can search for parties, guilds, and other players across the world. Save other players and their Cryptic accounts to either your Friends or Ignore lists. Keep track of all your friends in Neverwinter. Reaching certain milestones in your PvP record will award you with various items and boons. The PvP Leaderboard tracks all your statistics, your Match History, and your Standing with other players. You can view your collection of Assets, start/cancel tasks, and rush production using Astral Diamonds here.The Professions menu unlocks at level 4. Sending/receiving messages with items attached require the player to be at a mailbox.Īccess the Profession menu allows players to start crafting tasks. Written messages can be sent/received from anywhere in the world. Send messages and items to other players. All of your Idle Companions can be found in the Companions tab. All the assets and resources used in professions are found in the "Professions" tab. All forms of currency (Astral Diamonds, Zen, Seals) can be found in the "Riches" tab. Most items will go into the main inventory tab. Members with the appropriate permissions can change the settings and rules for the guild.Ī central repository for all the items you acquire in the game. From this menu you can view the guild calendar, roster, and news for your guild. Guilds are a great way to organize adventures in Neverwinter with other players. Well-informed Harpers can be found throughout the world, and will direct players to local jobs. Major cities and taverns will have Job Board to help search for new adventures. The Foundry Catalog allows players to embark on quests created by other users. Wards can be applied to the process to preserve reagents or increase success-rate.įind the dates for all upcoming major world events, or set a reminder to alert you when an event starts. When enough Refinement Points have been applied to an enchantment, you can use Reagents to attempt upgrading it to the next rank. Enchantments can be Refined by using other enchantments as raw materials. Well-made armor and weapons can be Enchanted to give additional bonuses, and Companions can be upgraded with Runestones. ![]() Here you can find the description, tooltips, and drop-locations for the most powerful and unique items in Neverwinter. In this menu you can choose your Active Companions, augment your companions with equipment and Runestones, and send them off for training.Īll the best equipment you can find in your adventure can be found in the Collections page. From here you can view ability scores & combat statistics, change your equipment, view your Feats, and much moreĪnimals, hirelings, and all manner of magical creatures can aid you in your journey. The main interface for changing and monitoring your character. Complete daily and weekly quests for new and powerful rewards ![]() You can either Buy Zen for Astral Diamonds according to prices set by other players, or Sell Zen to place a bid of your own.Įnd-game content for characters at the level-cap. Use your Astral Diamonds to Exchange for Zen. The Auction House menu is unlocked at level 4. You can post consignments of your own, or view the wide array of items up for sale. Players can bid upon or buy items from other players using Astral Diamonds. ![]() He seemed to consume himself with laying out before his readers the severity of the circumstances they faced, working day and night with all his strength to open the way to a new vitality. Katip Çelebi (Mustafa bin Abdallah, known as Hajji Khalifa, born in Istanbul in 1609 and died in the same city in 1657), who shared the same space of historical time with him, wanted to hold up a mirror to the troubles to come rather than comfort readers with the glories of the past. The master prose stylist Evliya Çelebi poured all the richness of his imagination into the mold of his mythologizing narrative, striving to charm the reader with the splendors of the past. In the three great "Çelebis" of the period, we can see clearly this ambiguous state of mind, this call to glory and helplessness in the face of an inertia which had begun to be sensed at all levels of society. Although rulers, religious officials, bureaucrats and intellectuals sought comfort by invoking the former glory of the "Eternal State," almost everyone had begun, openly or secretly, to say that the Empire was like a giant plane tree rotting from within. In the words of the French intellectual Jacques Attali, it was an age when "the giant chained for a thousand years", Europe, awoke from its thousand-year sleep and galloped headlong to plunder unknown lands seized with unrestrained brutality and greed, transferring the wealth extracted to its own territory.ĭuring that long century when Western imperialism audaciously assaulted the four corners of the world, carving up the earth, not hesitating to consider all fair game for its insatiable appetite, "The Sublime Ottoman State" suffered through the blunders of incompetent sultans-through the Young Osman affair, the vain struggles of Murad IV, the incredible shenanigans of Crazy Ibrahim, Mehmed IV's obsession with hunting-and the quarrels of the Kadizades and the Sivasis, uprisings of seminary students, internal rebellions and wars with Austria, Germany, Venice and Moscow. The 17th century was an age when the Western world gathered up the fruits maturing during the Renaissance and Reformation movements and made the leap from the Middle Ages to modernity, institutionalizing modern thought in the intellectual sphere to virtually besiege creation anew. Katip Çelebi, a complete Istanbul çelebi(gentleman) in the full sense of the word, was without doubt an outstanding representative of Ottoman and Islamic science and thought in its later era. The title "Çelebi" (pronounced Chelebi) was given to distinguished, well-born, educated persons and used in Ottoman literature most often to refer to the sons of military men, to bureaucrats, learned men, palace secretaries and the Konya administrators of the Mevlevi dervish order. ![]() ![]() Four centuries later the alert that Katip Celebi sounded still holds good. Striving to show the acute consciousness Katip Çelebi had of the intellectual stagnation that was occuring in the Islamic world, in comparison with the earlier centuries of Islamic civilisation and with the then ongoing growth of science in Europe, the author depicts a faithful picture of Katip Çelebi's warning to his contemporaries. Bekir Karliga on the horizon of Katip Çelebi's thought is a tremendous analysis of the reformist efforts deployed by the renowned 17th-century Ottoman scholar Katip Çelebi Mustafa bin Abdallah, known as Haji Khalifa. |